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Name      
Sweden    Simris, Simris no 19 EuroPreArt - European Prehistoric Art

Sweden Image map
Keywords: Bronze Age, Carving, Rock art, Open air, Wheel cross, Human figures, Warriors, Weapon, Axes, Ceremonial, Mantle-figure, Ship figures, Cup marks.
Institution: Gotland University College, Visby, Sweden.  http://www.hgo.se/
Record
proposed
by
Gotland University - Sweden
 
Location
Specific feedbackSpecific feedback

Country:

Sweden

Locality:

Simris no 19

Region:

Skĺne

Area:

Simris

 

click to enlarge
Map over major rock carving localities in Scania. The Simrishamn group are situated on the E coast (Burenhult 1973:21).
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Copyright. No commercial use of EuroPreArt content is allowed. Specific © for pictures and drawings is mentioned in the captions or owned by each Author or Institution.
Disclaim. The EuroPreArt project fully endorses the most recent documentation policies. It must be outlined the absolute forbidding of any disruptive method and the necessity of a total respect for archaeological sites. It is also to be noticed that no substances shall be applied to rock art for recording purposes. Some pictures of the EuroPreArt records are related to past recording techniques and may not fully match these policies. They are an historical documentation. Please refer to local archaeological official authorities for any recording purpose. Please take a look also over EuroPreArt guidelines.
 
Environment & Surface

Open-air   Shelter   Cave Portable   Megalithic

Geography:
Smooth, flat surface, facing the sea.

Proximity:

Close to the sea, beside road.

Geology:

Blue-greyish quartzite.

Surface:

Very, smooth almost flat surface. Cracks and exfoliation.

Dimensions:
Length 18.00 m.  Width 10.00 m.

 

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click to enlarge
 
Art        

Description:

Engravings   Paintings   Painted engravings   High or low-relief   Sculpture
Simris no 19, Simris parish in Scania. There are total number of about 170 figures, cup marks included on Simris no 19. The locality is dominated by a series of weapons depicted, mainly shafted axes of various sizes, of which some are carried by human figures. The weapons are of different kinds, flat axe-blades and axes with enlarged edges from the Late Neolithic, and handle-hole axes from Early Bronze Age. There are also a number of ship figures dated to the Bronze Age, of which the majority have totally carved out hulls, extended and turned prow and crew-strokes. There is also a mantle design, and a number of wheel crosses with 4 spokes. There are a couple of human figures carrying big axes, similar to those at Simris no 27.

Figures:
total number 170
Ship figures Axes Wheel crosses Cup marks Human figures Circle figures Windling/snake Obscure figures

Chronology:

Palaeolithic   Epipalaeolithic - Mesolithic   Neolithic   Copper Age   Bronze Age   Iron Age   Roman   Middle Age   Modern   Unknown
The Scanian rock carvings differ from those elsewhere in Scandinavia, the majority belongs to the close of the Stone Age, c. 2000 BC. The weapon figures can be dated to this period, and had their counterparts in the carvings of Central Europe. Some figures might even be older, especially those with similarities in the Megalithic ornamentation of the Middle Neolithic, c. 3200-2500 BC.

Notes:

The Scanian figurative figures occur mainly in the Simrishamn region, where the smooth hard, blue-greyish quartzite have been used. The Scanian carvings are older than the main group of South Scandinavian rock carvings, dated on basis of the weapons depicted, showing axes of English-Irish type, c. 2000 BC.
 
Bibliography        





European total bibliography, by EuroPreArt partnersTotal (Europe)
Sweden EuroPreArt general bibliography, by Gotland University College, Visby, Sweden.General (country)
Specific Simris, Simris no 19 bibliography, by Gotland University College, Visby, Sweden.Specific (site)
Rock Art Studies: A Bibliographic worldwide Database (external link). Compiled by Leigh Marymor. Copyright (C) 2001-2002 by the Library, University of California, Berkeley Bibliographic
Rock Art
Database

 

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Conservation        

Status:

Public   Private   Park   Classified site

Risk:

The rock carvings are fragile and the major risk are chemical weathering, which makes the hard quartzite losen up and fall out, leaving white dots on the darker rock surface. Also natural weathering (mechanical weathering) during winter/spring, when water freeze in cracks and openings in the rock, creates major damage to rock faces with carvings. The biological weathering is also a danger to the rock carvings, and even to intense cleaning of the rock surface during documentation can make the rock fragile and expose the carvings to wind, water and air-born pollution.

Conservation:

Good   Quite good   Mediocre   Bad

Intervention:

Problems concerning conservation and preservation, registration and documentation of rock carvings in Scandinavia are discussed by several departments, i.e. Riksantikvaren in Norway, Riksantikvarieämbetet in Sweden, several universities and research departments. Different methods are tested, for example covering of carved surfaces, measuring of temperature and different contents in water and air and also the composition in the granite. Hollows and cracks in the rock surface can be repaired and carefully filled in.

 

By          

Compiler:

Li Winter 2001.

Institution:

Gotland University College, Visby, Sweden.  http://www.hgo.se/
 
         Record n. 776 / 807
No commercial use is allowed. Specific © is mentioned in the captions or owned by each Author or Institution  
 
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NEW: Alpine rock paintings
enter the Balma dei Cervi Virtual Museum and surf the Virtual Tour: spherical pano-views,
hi-def flat photos and tracings


EuroPreArt, European Prehistoric Art, is a web-based archaeological project funded by the European Union which aims to establish a lasting data-base of European prehistoric art documentation, to launch the base of an European institutional network and to contribute to the awareness of the diversity and richness of European Prehistoric Art.
It is proposed by: Instituto Politécnico de Tomar (IPT, Portugal), CUEBC - European University Centre for Cultural Heritage (Italy - Europe), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España), Asociación Cultural Colectivo Barbaón (España), Université de Liège (Belgique), Gotland University College (Sverige), University College Dublin (Eire), Cooperativa Archeologica Le Orme dell'Uomo (Italia), Study Centre and Museum of Prehistoric Art of Pinerolo (Italia), The European Centre for Prehistoric Research in the Alto Ribatejo (Portugal), ArqueoJovem - a youth NGO (Portugal).
Instituto Politécnico de Tomar - Portugal CUEBC - European University Centre for Cultural Heritage, Ravello - Italy CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid - Spain Orme dell'Uomo - Footsteps of Man, Valcamonica - Italy Asociación Cultural Colectivo Barbaón, Extremadura -Spain Liège University - Belgium Gotland University - Sweden University College Dublin - Ireland CeSMAP - Centro Studi e Museo d'Arte Preistorica. Pinerolo, Italy Arqueo Jovem

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